Planting Techniques for Tree Spade Dug Trees    (View PDF)

Robert Birdel, Carl Whitcomb, and B.L. Appleton

Abstract: New growth on Japanese black pines and Hopa flowering crabapples was greater on tree-spade-dug trees transplanted into back-hoe dug holes than on tree-spade-dug trees transplanted into holes dug and modified in other ways. This study suggests that a large volume of well-aerated backfill will reduce transplanting stress.

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https://doi.org/10.48044/jauf.1983.067