Detection of Decay in Trees with the Metriguard Stress Wave Timer    (View PDF)

Claus G. Mattheck and Klaus A. Bethge

Abstract: The Metriguard Stress Wave Timer measures the time needed for a stress wave to pass from a hammer blow to a sensor on the opposite side of the stem. A calculated sound speed will indicate decayed or hollow spots within the stem. A table of velocities for healthy trees is given and also some examples showing cross- sections of trees containing defects together with the measured velocities.

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https://doi.org/10.48044/jauf.1993.058